SAF - Education: Continuing Forestry Education

Journal of Forestry Online Quiz
Derived from the 2008 April/May Journal of Forestry
Cost: $20 members $30 nonmembers
Each time the quiz is taken, a fee will be required.

The Journal of Forestry Quiz is approved for 5.0 continuing forestry education (CFE) credit hours in Category 1-CF by the Society of American Foresters. Successful completion of the self-assessment, defined as a cumulative score of at least 70%, is required to earn CFE credit. CFE approval is valid for one year from the issue date of publication, and participants may submit the quiz at any time during that period.

Please provide the following information and select one answer for each question. If you do not wish to pay by credit card, print the survey, fill in the answers, and mail it and the fee to: SAF, 5400 Grosvenor Lane, Bethesda, MD 20814 ATTN: Pat Cillay.

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1. Which of the following is not a way that forests and forest products prevent greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions?

	a) Biomass substitution.
	b) Avoided land-use change.
	c) Modification of wildfire behavior.
	d) Wood substitution.
	e) None of the above.

2. Which of the following is a way that forests can reduce GHG concentrations by sequestering atmospheric carbon?

	a) Modification of wildfire behavior.
	b) Biomass substitution.
	c) Sequestration in biomass and soil.
	d) Avoided land-use change.
	e) None of the above.

3. Which of the following is not true?

	a) Forest management practices can be designed to capture additional atmospheric carbon dioxide.
	b) Forests can never be a source of GHG emissions.
	c) Deforestation is a source of GHG emissions.
	d) Wildfires can be a source of GHG emissions.
	e) None of the above.

4. Which of the following is "net primary production?"

	a) Net uptake of carbon by plants in excess of respiratory loss.
	b) Respiratory loss by above- and below-ground heterotrophs (herbivores, decomposers).
	c) Net carbon accumulation within the ecosystem after all gains and losses are accounted for, typically measured using ground-based techniques.
	d) Net flux of carbon between the land and the atmosphere, typically measured using eddy covariance techniques. The term is equivalent to net ecosystem production but the quantities are not always identical because of measurement and scaling issues.
	e) None of the above.

5. Which of the following is not true?

	a) In 2003, U.S. Forests sequestered more than 750 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent.
	b) Increases in the amount of downed or damaged timber, whether caused by weather, pests, or pathogens, combined with the direct effects of shifting temperature or precipitation patterns will strongly influence fire regimes.
	c) Climate change is expected to cause forest types to migrate latitudinally, but not altitudinally.
	d) Climate change is expected to affect social and economic aspects of forests as well as forest ecology.
	e) None of the above.

6. Wood substitution addresses climate change by:

	a) Providing a plentiful and dependable supply of both trees and wood products while supporting other ecological services.
	b) Substituting wood for fossil fuel-intensive products (such as concrete or steel) avoids the emissions from the substituted products.
	c) Wood products store forest carbon.
	d) All of the above.
	e) None of the above.

7. According to the Consortium for Research on Renewable Industrial Materials, a wood frame house in Minneapolis would have a lower environmental performance index than a steel house for all but which of the following indices?

	a) Embodied energy.
	b) Global warming potential.
	c) Air emissions.
	d) Water emissions.
	e) Solid waste.

8. Which of the following is not true?

	a) GHG emissions can be reduced through the substitution of biomass for fossil fuels that emit more GHGs per functional unit.
	b) Of the 3.227 quads of biomass energy used in 2005, 2.114 (65 percent) came from wood.
	c) Studies of conversion technologies show that one dry ton of forest waste can be converted to 75 to 85 gallons of ethanol fuel or 550 to 650 kilowatt-hours of electricity.
	d) All of the above.
	e) None of the above.

9. For every BTU of gasoline that is replaced by cellulosic ethanol, total life-cycle GHG emissions would be reduced by:

	a) 90.9%.
	b) 67.7%.
	c) 21.6%.
	d) 8.5%.
	e) None of the above.

10. U.S. wildfires added how many tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions in 2005?

	a) 18.9 million tonnes.
	b) 27.7 million tonnes.
	c) 56.2 million tonnes.
	d) 126.4 million tonnes.
	e) None of the above.

11. Which of the following is not a strategy to reduce wildfires and their GHG emissions?

	a) Pretreatment of fuel reduction areas (i.e., removing some biomass before using prescribed fire).
	b) Smoke management (i.e., adjusting the seasonal and daily timing of burns and using relative low-severity prescribed fires to reduce fuel consumption).
	c) Harvesting small woody biomass for energy, or removing larger woody material (over 4 inches in diameter) for traditional forest products and burning residuals.
	d) All of the above.
	e) None of the above.

12. According to a 2000 study, tropical deforestation releases how many tonnes of carbon annually?

	a) 890 million tonnes.
	b) 2.6 billion tonnes.
	c) 5.7 billion tonnes.
	d) 8.9 billion tonnes.
	e) None of the above.

13. Which of the following is true?

	a) Young trees, and fully stocked stands of young trees, have high rates of net carbon uptake that culminate earlier for rapidly growing shade-intolerant pines than for less rapidly growing, more shade-tolerant trees, which are initially slower growing but culminate growth later and sequester more carbon overall.
	b) Management practices using very short rotations of trees such as poplars and eucalypts are not appropriate for intensive biomass production.
	c) The total amount of carbon accumulated in a given stand decreases over time and reaches a plateau, after which net carbon accumulation remains relatively constant as net CO2 uptake tends to zero because of decreases in stand respiration, mortality, and decay.
	d) All of the above.
	e) None of the above.

14. In several cases, managed forests have been shown to sequester more carbon and have fewer emissions than unmanaged forests because:

	a) Managed forests consist of younger trees that have higher rates of net carbon uptake.
	b) Managed forests are a source of wood products that continue to store carbon (in use or in landfills) for varying periods, depending on the product.
	c) Managed forests have lower greenhouse gas emissions resulting from wildfires, insect depredations, and land conversion.
	d) All of the above.
	e) None of the above.

15. Which of the following is not a mandatory emissions trading program?

	a) Kyoto Protocol.
	b) Chicago Climate Exchange.
	c) European Union Emissions Trading Scheme.
	d) California Climate Action Registry.
	e) None of the above.

16. Which of the following may not be a carbon accounting issue for forest offset projects?

	a) Additionality.
	b) Permanence.
	c) Leakage.
	d) Equivalence.
	e) None of the above.

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